Ubuntu

PierrePierre
Feb 7, 2025
180
Feb 7, 2025

Introduction

An operating system (OS) is the main software that manages all your computer's resources. Choosing an alternative operating system like Ubuntu can offer many advantages in terms of security, cost and privacy.

Why Ubuntu?

  • Enhanced security: Linux distributions are renowned for their security and robustness
  • Zero cost: Ubuntu and most Linux distributions are free of charge
  • Large community: A community of users ready to help via forums and tutorials
  • Respect for privacy: Open source system for greater transparency
  • Simplicity: User-friendly interface and ease of use
  • Rich ecosystem: Extensive catalog of open source software
  • Regular support: Secure updates from Canonical

Installation and configuration

1. Prerequisites

Equipment required:
  • A USB key of at least 12 GB
  • A computer with at least 25 GB available

2. Download

3. Create a bootable USB key

You can use several tools, such as Balena Etcher:
  • Open Balena Etcher, then select the Ubuntu ISO image
  • Select USB key as destination media
  • Click on Flash and wait for the process to finish

4. Installing and securing Ubuntu

4.1 Booting from USB memory stick (in French)
  • Switch off the computer
  • Plug in the USB key (containing Ubuntu)
  • Switch on your computer. On recent PCs, the system should automatically recognize the USB boot key. If this is not the case, reboot by holding down the BIOS/UEFI access key (usually F2, F12, or Delete, depending on the brand)
  • In the BIOS/UEFI menu, select your USB key as the boot device
  • Save and restart
4.2 Launching the installation (in French)
Start-up screen
When booting from the USB key, you'll see this screen, which allows you to start Ubuntu.
Choice of language
Choose your preferred language for installation and the system.
Accessibility options
Configure accessibility options if necessary (screen reader, high contrast, etc.).
Keyboard configuration
Select your keyboard layout. A test field is available to check that the keys correspond to your configuration.
Network connection
Connect to your Wi-Fi or wired network to download updates during installation.
Type of installation
Choose between "Try Ubuntu" (to test without installing) or "Install Ubuntu".
Installation method
Select interactive installation.
Application selection
Choose between the default installation or an extended selection of applications.
Third-party applications
Decide whether or not to install additional drivers and proprietary software.
Type of partitioning
You have two main options:
  • "Erase disk and install Ubuntu": uses the entire disk for Ubuntu
  • "Manual installation: create a dual boot with Windows or customize your partitions
User account creation
Set your username and password for your Ubuntu account.
Time zone
Select your geographical area to set the system time.
Installation summary
Check all your choices before starting the final installation. Once you click on "Install", the process begins.
4.3 Upgrading Ubuntu after installation (in French)
Updating your system is an important step after a new installation. You have two options:
Option 1: Via the graphical user interface
  • Search for "Software and updates" in the applications menu
  • The application will automatically check for available updates
  • Follow the on-screen instructions to install the updates
Option 2: Via Terminal
  • Open Terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T)
  • Type the following command to check for available updates:
sudo apt update
  • Enter your password when prompted
  • To install updates, type:
sudo apt upgrade
  • Confirm installation by typing 'Y' then Enter

5. Discovering basic tasks

5.1 Browsing the Internet
By default, you'll often find Firefox in the launch bar.
Launch Firefox and start browsing.
Other browsers (Chrome, Brave, etc.) can be installed via the Software Manager or via .deb packages.
5.2 Word processing
Ubuntu comes with the LibreOffice suite (Writer for word processing).
To open it: Activities > Search for "LibreOffice Writer" or click on the icon if it appears in the bar.
You can create, edit and save documents in a variety of formats (including .docx).
5.3 Installing applications
Software manager (called "Ubuntu Software"): graphical interface for searching and installing applications.
From Terminal, use the command:
sudo apt install nom-du-paquet
Example:
sudo apt install vlc

6. Conclusion and additional resources

Now you're ready to use Ubuntu on a daily basis: secure your system, browse, do office work, install software and keep your OS up to date!
To take the security of your digital life a step further, we recommend you take a look at our encrypted messaging service, which is perfectly suited to protecting your privacy and complements your Ubuntu installation:
proton-mail
Proton MailSetting up a secure mailbox
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This tutorial has been written by Pierre

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PierrePierre
41Tutorials

Passionate about Bitcoin and convinced that education is the key, I wish to share with you the little knowledge I have and thus contribute to the adoption of Bitcoin. Otherwise, I'm a big fan of Pink Floyd, I'm learning to code, and I make memes. Looking forward to meeting you at the next meet-up! I am the creator of the training course BTC 205 - Non-KYC Purchase Solution.

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