When browsing the internet, it is essential to avoid common mistakes to maintain your online security. Here are some tips to avoid them:

It is recommended to download software from the official website of the publisher rather than from generic sites. Example: Use www.signal.org/download instead of www.logicieltelechargement.fr/signal.

It is also advisable to prioritize open-source software as they are often safer and free from malicious software. An "open-source" software is a type of software whose code is publicly available and accessible to everyone. This allows for verification, among other things, that there is no hidden access to steal your data.

Cookies are files created by websites to store information on your computer or mobile device. While some sites require these cookies to function properly, they can also be exploited by third-party sites, especially for advertising tracking purposes. Under regulations such as the GDPR, it is possible—and recommended—to refuse third-party tracking cookies while accepting those that are essential for the site's proper functioning. After each visit to a site, it is wise to delete the associated cookies, either manually or through an extension or a specific program. Some browsers even offer the possibility to delete cookies selectively. Despite these precautions, it is crucial to understand that the information collected by different sites can remain interconnected, hence the importance of finding a balance between convenience and security.

There are two major families of browsers: those based on Chrome and those based on Firefox. Although both families offer a similar level of security, it is recommended to avoid using the Google Chrome browser due to its tracking capabilities. Lighter alternatives to Chrome, such as Chromium or Brave, may be preferred. Brave is particularly recommended for its built-in ad blocker. It may be necessary to use multiple browsers to access certain websites.

Private browsing, although it does not hide browsing from your internet service provider, allows you to avoid leaving local traces on your computer. Cookies are automatically deleted at the end of each session, allowing you to accept all cookies without being tracked. Private browsing can be useful when purchasing online services, as websites track our search habits and adjust prices accordingly. However, it is essential to note that private browsing is recommended for temporary and specific sessions, rather than for general internet browsing.

A more advanced alternative is the TOR (The Onion Router) network, which offers anonymity by masking the user's IP address and allowing access to the Darknet. TOR Browser is a browser specifically designed to use the TOR network. It enables you to visit both conventional websites and .onion websites, which are typically operated by individuals and may be associated with illegal activities.

TOR is a legal and widely used tool by journalists, freedom activists, and others seeking to circumvent censorship in authoritarian countries. However, it is important to understand that TOR does not secure the visited sites or the computer itself. Additionally, using TOR can slow down the internet connection as data passes through three other people's computers before reaching its destination. It is also essential to note that TOR is not a foolproof solution to guarantee 100% anonymity and should not be used for illegal activities.